OpenStack Command Line Cheat Sheet

OpenStack services have very powerful command line interfaces, with lots of different options.  Here few useful openstack comments,

Keystone (Identity Service)

# List all users
keystone user-list

# List identity service catalog
keystone catalog

# Discover keystone endpoints
keystone discover

# List all services in service catalog
keystone service-list

# Create new user
keystone user-create –name –tenant-id –pass –email –enabled

# Create new tenant
keystone tenant-create –name –description –enabled

Nova (Compute Service)

# List instances, notice status of instance
nova list

# List images
nova image-list

# List flavors
nova flavor-list

# Boot an instance using flavor and image names (if names are unique)
nova boot –image –flavor
nova boot –image cirros-0.3.1-x86_64-uec –flavor m1.tiny MyFirstInstance

# Login to instance
ip netns
sudo ip netns exec ssh <user@server or use a key>
sudo ip netns exec qdhcp-6021a3b4-8587-4f9c-8064-0103885dfba2 ssh cirros@10.0.0.2
# if you are on devstack, password is “cubswin:)” without the quotes

# Show details of instance
nova show <name>
nova show MyFirstInstance

# View console log of instance
nova console-log MyFirstInstance

# Pause, suspend, stop, rescue, resize, rebuild, reboot an instance
# Pause
nova pause <name>
nova pause volumeTwoImage

# Unpause
nova unpause <name>

# Suspend
nova suspend <name>

# Unsuspend
nova resume <name>

# Stop
nova stop <name>

# Start
nova start <name>

# Rescue
nova rescue <name>

# Resize
nova resize <name> <flavor>
nova resize my-pem-server m1.small
nova resize-confirm server1

# Rebuild
nova rebuild <name> <image>
nova rebuild newtinny cirros-qcow2

# Reboot
nova reboot <name>
nova reboot newtinny

# Inject user data and files into an instance
nova boot –user-data ./userdata.txt MyUserdataInstance
nova boot –user-data userdata.txt –image cirros-qcow2 –flavor m1.tiny MyUserdataInstance2
# to validate file is there, ssh into instance, go to /var/lib/cloud look for file

# Inject a keypair into an instance and access the instance with that keypair
# Create keypair
nova keypair-add test > test.pem
chmod 600 test.pem

# Boot
nova boot –image cirros-0.3.0-x86_64 –flavor m1.small –key_name test my-first-server

# ssh into instance
sudo ip netns exec qdhcp-98f09f1e-64c4-4301-a897-5067ee6d544f ssh -i test.pem cirros@10.0.0.4

# Set metadata on an instance
nova meta volumeTwoImage set newmeta=’my meta data’

# Create an instance snapshot
nova image-create volumeTwoImage snapshotOfVolumeImage
nova image-show snapshotOfVolumeImage

# Manage security groups
# Add rules to default security group allowing ping and ssh between #instances in the default security group
nova secgroup-add-group-rule default default icmp -1 -1
nova secgroup-add-group-rule default default tcp 22 22

Glance (Image Service)

# List images you can access
glance image-list

# Delete specified image
glance image-delete <image>

# Describe a specific image
glance image-show <image>

# update image
glance image-update <image>

# Manage images
# Kernel image
glance image-create –name “cirros-threepart-kernel” –disk-format aki –container-format aki –is-public True –file ~/images/cirros-0.3.1~pre4-x86_64-vmlinuz

# Ram image
glance image-create—name “cirros-threepart-ramdisk” –disk-format ari –container-format ari –is-public True –file ~/images/cirros-0.3.1~pre4-x86_64-initrd

# 3-part image
glance image-create—name “cirros-threepart” –disk-format ami –container-format ami –is-public True –property kernel_id=$KID—property ramdisk_id=$RID –file ~/images/cirros-0.3.1~pre4-x86_64-blank.img

# Register raw image
glance image-create –name “cirros-qcow2” –disk-format qcow2 –container-format bare –is-public True –file ~/images/cirros-0.3.1~pre4-x86_64-disk.img

Neutron (Networking Service)

# Create network
neutron net-create <name>
neutron net-create my-network

# Create a subnet
neutron subnet-create <network name> <cidr>
neutron subnet-create my-network 10.0.0.0/29

# List network and subnet
neutron net-list
neutron subnet-list

# Examine details of network and subnet
neutron net-show <id or name of network>
neutron subnet-show <id or name of subnet>

Cinder (Block Storage)

# Manage volumes and volume snapshots
# Create a new volume
cinder create <size in GB> –display-name
cinder create 1 –display-name MyFirstVolume

# Boot an instance and attach to volume
nova boot—image cirros-qcow2 –flavor m1.tiny MyVolumeInstance

# List volumes, notice status of volume
cinder list

# Attach volume to instance after instance is active, and volume is available
nova volume-attach <instance-id> <volume-id> auto
nova volume-attach MyVolumeInstance /dev/vdb auto

# Login into instance, list storage devices
sudo fdisk -l

# On the instance, make filesystem on volume
sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/vdb

# Create a mountpoint
sudo mkdir /myspace

# Mount the volume at the mountpoint
sudo mount /dev/vdc /myspace

# Create a file on the volume
sudo touch /myspace/helloworld.txt
sudo ls /myspace

# Unmount the volume
sudo umount /myspace

Swift (Object Store)

# Displays information for the account, container, or object
swift stat
swift stat <account>
swift stat <container>
swift stat <object>

# List containers
swift list

# Create a container
swift post mycontainer

# Upload file to a container
swift upload <containder name> <file name>
swift upload mycontainer myfile.txt

# List objects in container
swift list container

# Download object from container
swift download <containder name> <file name>

# Upload with chunks, for large file
swift upload -S <size> <containder name> <file name>
swift upload -S 64 container largeFile