Once we docker installed, its intuitive usage experience makes it very easy to work with. By now, once we started docker service now let we make sure docker service is running.
To check the docker daemon:
# systemctl status docker.service
Syntax:
Using docker consists of passing it a chain of options and commands followed by arguments. Please note that docker needs root privileges in order to work.
# docker [option] [command] [arguments]
Let’s check all available docker commends;
Ask docker for a list of all available commands:
# docker
All currently (as of 1.11.2) available commands:
attach Attach to a running container
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
commit Create a new image from a container’s changes
cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
create Create a new container
diff Inspect changes on a container’s filesystem
events Get real time events from the server
exec Run a command in a running container
export Export a container’s filesystem as a tar archive
history Show the history of an image
images List images
import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
info Display system-wide information
inspect Return low-level information on a container or image
kill Kill a running container
load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
login Log in to a Docker registry
logout Log out from a Docker registry
logs Fetch the logs of a container
network Manage Docker networks
pause Pause all processes within a container
port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the CONTAINER
ps List containers
pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry
push Push an image or a repository to a registry
rename Rename a container
restart Restart a container
rm Remove one or more containers
rmi Remove one or more images
run Run a command in a new container
save Save one or more images to a tar archive
search Search the Docker Hub for images
start Start one or more stopped containers
stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
stop Stop a running container
tag Tag an image into a repository
top Display the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause all processes within a container
update Update configuration of one or more containers
version Show the Docker version information
volume Manage Docker volumes
wait Block until a container stops, then print its exit code
To check more system information and version on docker
# docker info
# For docker version:
# docker version
Let’s start working on Images
As we have discussed at length, the key to start working with any docker container is using images. There are many freely available images shared across docker image index and the CLI allows simple access to query the image repository and to download new ones.
When you are ready, you can also share your image there as well. See the section on “push” further down for details.
We can search a docker images using below commend
Format:
# docker search [image name]
For example will search openSUSE linux
# docker search suse
This will provide you a very long list of all available images matching the query: SUSE.
Downloading an image:
Either when you are building / creating a container or before you do, you will need to have an image present at the host machine where the containers will exist. In order to download images (perhaps following “search”) you can execute pull to get one.
Syntex:
# docker pull [image name]
Let’s download the openSUSE image
# docker pull opensuse
Listing images:
We can list all available images on docker,
# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
opensuse latest 642bc8a45961 3 days ago 97.74 MB
hello-world latest c54a2cc56cbb 2 weeks ago 1.848 kB
Sharing (PUSHing) images:
If you would like share image to all in the world, you can use push to have your image listed in the index where everybody can download and use.
Please remember to “commit” all your changes.
To commit,
# docker commit [container ID] image_name# docker commit 7dqd9w543d89 opensuse Syntax:
# docker push [username/image name]
# docker push my_username/my_first_image
You can to sign-up at index.docker.io to push images to docker index.
Working with Containers
When you “run” any process using an image, in return, you will have a container. When the process is not actively running, this container will be a non-running container. Nonetheless, all of them will reside on your system until you remove them via rm command.
Listing all current containers:
By default, you can use the following to list all running containers:
# docker ps
To have a list of both running and non-running ones, use:
# docker ps -l
Creating a New Container
It is currently not possible to create a container without running anything (i.e. commands). To create a new container, you need to use a base image and specify a command to run.
Syntex
# docker run [image name] [command to run]
# docker run opensuse echo “hello”
We can name a container instead of having long IDs
# docker run –name [name] [image name] [comm.]
# docker run –name open_cont 642bc8a45961 echo “hello”
This will output “hello” and you will be right back where you were.
As you cannot change the command you run after having created a container (hence specifying one during “creation”), it is common practice to use process managers and even custom launch scripts to be able to execute different commands.
To make sure container status, we can check through
# docker ps
Running a container:
When you create a container and it stops (either due to its process ending or you stopping it explicitly), you can use “run” to get the container working again with the same command used to create it.
To start a container:
# docker run [container ID]
Example:
# docker run c629b7d70666
Stopping a container:
To stop a container’s process from running:
# docker stop [container ID]
# docker stop c629b7d70666
To Start a container
# docker start [container ID]
# docker start ec6b27c52c88
Saving (committing) a container:
If you would like to save the progress and changes you made with a container, you can use “commit” as explained above to save it as an image.
This command turns your container to an image.
Remember that with docker, commits are cheap. Do not hesitate to use them to create images to save your progress with a
container or to roll back when you need (e.g. like snapshots in time).
Removing / Deleting a container:
Using the ID of a container, you can delete one with rm.
# Usage: sudo docker rm [container ID]
# docker rm c629b7d70666
